Electric Vehicle – A vehicle that uses Electricity as either a Primary or Secondary a source of fuel, and Electric Motors to help power and propel it. This term may be used to describe more than one type of vehicle, since Electricity and Electric Motors may or may not be the only fuel source or propulsion type used on the vehicle.

Battery Electric Vehicle – This vehicle is a pure Electric Vehicle. Electricity is the Primary and only fuel source used to drive an Electric Motor, and Batteries are used to store the Electricity used to power and propel it.

Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle – This vehicle is powered and propelled by combining traditional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) technologies and fuel sources, such as Gasoline or Diesel, with Electricity stored in Batteries as a secondary or assistive source of power and fuel.

Original Equipment Manufacturer – As it relates to the Automotive industry, an OEM is a manufacturer of vehicles, or a company who builds major core components and systems for vehicles. Commonly, an OEM is representative of a vehicle’s brand. For example: Ford Motor Company (the OEM) builds vehicles for the Ford and Lincoln brands, which are sold as finished products to their dealer networks.

Internal Combustion Engine – A complex machine that combines air and traditional fuel sources such as gasoline, diesel, or other types inside of itself to burn, generating useful motive power to do work.

Diagnostic Link Connector – Also known as the Diagnostic Port, this connector is typically located under the driver-side dashboard. Serves as the primary location where diagnostic tool and equipment are connected to the vehicle to gain access to vehicle data.

On Board Diagnostics; Generation 2 – A standardized framework deployed across all Light-Duty passenger vehicles sold in North America since 1996. OBD2 allows generic access to vehicle data and controls through a standardized connector (traditionally called the OBD2 port). Required by law, this framework facilitates delivery of important vehicle data and access to functional tests or reports for critical vehicle systems, especially those systems and components related to emissions control.

The Society of Automotive Engineers - A global association of more than 128,000 engineers and related technical experts in the aerospace, automotive and commercial-vehicle industries. SAE and related committees develop many of the standards that govern these industries, documenting rules and best practices, while also making this data available to the greater public.

An OEM or Vehicle Manufacturer who has been established as a builder and seller of passenger vehicles in North America for a significant period of time. OEMs or Vehicle Manufacturers that fall into this category have been building and selling traditional vehicles for multiple decades or even over the majority of the last century. For example: Ford, GM, Honda, Toyota, etc.

An OEM or Vehicle Manufacturer who has only recently been established as a builder and seller of passenger vehicles in North America. OEMs or Vehicle Manufacturers that fall into this category have only been building and selling vehicles for the last 1 to 2 decades at most, or even less than 1 year at times! For example: Tesla, Rivian, VinFast, Lucid, etc.